Abstract: Objective Beijing introduced a reform plan on to end all markups on pharmaceuticals and adjust prices of medical services in March, 2017. We carried out the investigation and survey on healthcare knowledge, attitude and behavior of the elderly population about this health care reform, so as to further deepen the reform. Methods A self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate the knowledge, attitude and behavior of healthcare reform among 272 old people.Results The elderly population is relatively low in understanding medical health care policy, registration, classification of diagnosis and treatment, and the costs and benefits of healthcare reform, in knowledge, attitude and behavior. Conclusion We will make efforts to further publicize the health care reform policy and it will take more time for the elderly population to adjust to new registration model, the development of tiered medical diagnosis and treatment, medical service fees and the benefits and convenience